In which clef do bass notes primarily appear?

The bass clef is designed specifically for lower-pitched notes, making it the primary clef for bass instruments and vocal parts. It is characterized by the two dots placed above and below the fourth line, indicating that the fourth line represents the note F below middle C. This clef accommodates the range of instruments such as the bassoon, cello, and double bass, as well as male vocal parts.

In contrast, the treble clef is used for higher-pitched notes, which is suitable for instruments like the violin and flute, and for higher vocal ranges. The alto clef, meanwhile, is primarily used by instruments such as the viola, where the notes are also in a mid-range. The soprano clef, though less commonly referenced, is even higher and not typically used for bass notes. Hence, the bass clef effectively serves its purpose as the clef for bass notes.